对于mongoDB而言，学习方式和学习关系型数据库差不太多

開始都是学习怎样insert、find、update、remove，然后就是分页、排序、索引，再接着就是主从复制、副本集、分片等等

最后就是通过它提供的各个驱动（比方Java、PHP、node.js等等）来练习所谓的高级使用方法

另外：相对于Oracle有PLSQL Developer，MySQL有HeidiSQL

            mongoDB也不例外，它的图形化工具中有一款叫做mongoVUE的，我用的是1.5.3破解版（不是每15天就得改一次注冊表的那种）

以下演示的就是以Java为例，常见的操作mongoDB API使用方法

package com.jadyer.test;import java.net.UnknownHostException;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import org.bson.types.ObjectId;import org.junit.AfterClass;import org.junit.BeforeClass;import org.junit.Test;import com.mongodb.BasicDBObject;import com.mongodb.DB;import com.mongodb.DBCollection;import com.mongodb.DBCursor;import com.mongodb.DBObject;import com.mongodb.MongoClient;import com.mongodb.WriteResult;import com.mongodb.util.JSON;/** * mongoDB的Java驱动測试 * @see ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * @see 配置 * @see 1)下载https://fastdl.mongodb.org/win32/mongodb-win32-x86_64-2008plus-2.6.1.zip * @see 2)解压到本地硬盘D:\Develop\mongoDB\中,并配置环境变量path=D:\Develop\mongoDB\bin * @see   然后在CMD下运行此命令验证成功安装与否>mongod --version * @see 3)建立D:\Develop\mongoDBData\目录,用于存放mongoDB数据文件 * @see 4)自己定义bat文件,分别用于启动mongoDB数据库和连接数据库的client * @see   启动client的mongo_client.bat内容为-->mongo 127.0.0.1:27017/admin * @see   启动数据库的mongo_db.bat内容为------>mongod --dbpath D:\Develop\mongoDBData --rest * @see   注:加入[--rest]參数是为了可以訪问mongoDB的Web控制台http://127.0.0.1:28017/ * @see ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * @see Java驱动 * @see 这里要用到mongoDB的Java驱动包,下载地址http://docs.mongodb.org/ecosystem/drivers/java/ * @see ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- * @create May 15, 2014 10:17:30 PM * @author 玄玉
     
       */public class MongoDBTest {	private static MongoClient mongoClient;	private static DB db;		/**	 * 建立数据库连接	 */	@BeforeClass	public static void globalInit(){		try {			//mongoClient = new MongoClient(Arrays.asList(new ServerAddress("127.0.0.1", 27017), new ServerAddress("127.0.0.1", 27018), new ServerAddress("127.0.0.1", 27019)));			mongoClient = new MongoClient("127.0.0.1", 27017);		} catch (UnknownHostException e) {			System.err.println("mongoDB主机地址有误");		}		db = mongoClient.getDB("mydemo");	}			/**	 * 销毁数据库连接	 */	@AfterClass	public static void globalDestroy(){		mongoClient.close();	}			/**	 * 获取数据库信息	 */	@Test	public void getMetaData(){		//查询数据库中全部的集合名称		for(String collectionName : db.getCollectionNames()){			System.out.println("mydemo数据库所拥有的集合为:[" + collectionName + "]");		}		//查询某一集合中的数据		DBCollection collection = db.getCollection("person");		DBCursor cursor = collection.find();		try{			while(cursor.hasNext()){				System.out.println("person集合所拥有的name为--[" + cursor.next().get("name") + "]");			}		}finally{			cursor.close();		}		System.out.println("person集合中的记录数为----------->" + cursor.count());		System.out.println("person集合数据格式化后的JSON串为-->" + JSON.serialize(cursor));	}			/**	 * 创建一个空的"moive"集合	 */	@Test	public void createCollection(){		db.createCollection("movie", new BasicDBObject());	}			/**	 * 为"moive"集合加入文档	 */	@Test	public void insertDocument(){		DBObject doc = new BasicDBObject();		doc.put("name", "24");		doc.put("season", "ninth");		doc.put("score", 88);		List
      
        actorList = new ArrayList
       
        ();		actorList.add("Jack Bauer");		actorList.add("Counter Terrorist Unit");		doc.put("actor", actorList);		db.getCollection("movie").insert(doc);	}			/**	 * 批量插入文档	 */	@Test	public void insertBatchDocument(){		List
        
          docList = new ArrayList
         
          ();		DBObject doc11 = new BasicDBObject("name", "Prison Break").append("season", "fourth").append("score", 99);		DBObject doc22 = new BasicDBObject("name", "Game of Thrones").append("season", "third").append("score", 92);		docList.add(doc11);		docList.add(doc22);		db.getCollection("movie").insert(docList);	}			/**	 * 依据_id删除数据	 */	@Test	public void deleteById(){		WriteResult result = db.getCollection("movie").remove(new BasicDBObject("_id", new ObjectId("5374c6dc5030e0ea4dac8907")));		System.out.println("本次操作影响的记录条数为:" + result.getN());	}			/**	 * 依据条件删除数据	 */	@Test	public void deleteByData(){		DBObject doc = new BasicDBObject();		doc.put("name", "Prison Break");		WriteResult result = db.getCollection("movie").remove(doc);		System.out.println("本次操作影响的记录条数为:" + result.getN());	}			/**	 * 更新数据	 * @see 添加email属性	 */	@Test	public void update(){		DBObject doc = new BasicDBObject();		doc.put("$set", new BasicDBObject("email", "Jadyer@yeah.net"));		WriteResult result = db.getCollection("movie").update(new BasicDBObject(), doc, false, true);		System.out.println("本次操作影响的记录条数为:" + result.getN());	}			/**	 * 查询"moive"集合中的key	 */	@Test	public void getKey(){		DBObject keys = new BasicDBObject();		keys.put("_id", false);		keys.put("name", true);		//keys.put("score", true);		//第一个參数表示查询条件,第二个參数表示返回的详细key		DBCursor cursor = db.getCollection("movie").find(null, keys);		try{			while(cursor.hasNext()){				DBObject object = cursor.next();				System.out.println("查询到的name=" + object.get("name") + ", score=" + object.get("score"));			}		}finally{			cursor.close();		}	}			/**	 * 查询"moive"集合中分数不超过95的key	 */	@Test	public void getKeyUseScore(){		DBObject ref = new BasicDBObject();		ref.put("score", new BasicDBObject("$lte", 95));		DBCursor cursor = db.getCollection("movie").find(ref, null);		try{			while(cursor.hasNext()){				DBObject object = cursor.next();				System.out.println("查询到的name=" + object.get("name") + ", score=" + object.get("score"));			}		}finally{			cursor.close();		}	}			/**	 * 分页查询	 */	@Test	public void limitSkip(){		DBCursor cursor = db.getCollection("movie").find(null, null);		cursor.limit(0).skip(1);		try{			while(cursor.hasNext()){				DBObject object = cursor.next();				System.out.println("查询到的name=" + object.get("name"));			}		}finally{			cursor.close();		}	}}